Book  (Jun 1992)  Page(s) 102.  
 
Rose Edouard ('Rose Neumann', 'Rose Dubreuil') Bourbon. Perichon/Neumann, 1821. From the red 'Tous-les-Mois' (DP) x R. chinensis 'Parson's Pink'. The author cites information from different sources and sorts out the confusion around this and other roses similarly named [see Source]... 'Rose Edouard' is the plant, or clones of the plant, found by Mons Perichon among his hedgelings that fateful day on the Îsle Bourbon. Cuttings of this were imported to France by Mons Neumann... Bright pink, shaded... The name 'Rose Edouard' (in remembrance of Mons Edouard Perichon, late settler)...

Book  (1988)  Page(s) 124, 125.  
 
p. 124: ...along borders' advised G. Speede in his Indian handbook of Gardening (Calcutta, 1841). This has a list of eight headed by the 'Madras' or 'Rose Edouard' ('v. common, no garden without it'): a cause of some contention, there being the West-recognised rose from the Ïle Bourbon of the same name. B.S. Bhatcharji, in Rose Growing in the Tropics (1935, 1959), wisely says........whether 'Edouard Rose'....

p. 125: Dr. Pal considers roses most suitable for perfume today [1988] are 'Bussora' and 'Rose Edouard', while 'Gruss an Teplitz', a crimson rose of China derivation, has been used for experimental purposes.

Book  (1983)  Page(s) 5.  
 
R. bourboniana Desportes (Bourbon Rose, Edward Rose) Hindi— Cheenia gulab, desigulab, baramasi An upright shrub with prickly and often glandular-hispid stems, up to 2.5 m in height. Leaflets usually 7, lustrous above but pubescent ...

Book  (1981)  Page(s) 72-75.  
 
R. chinensis Jacq......The westward spread of the China roses must have begun at a comparatively early date, for they seem to have been common in the gardens of India when the sub-continent started to be botanised toward the end of the 18th century. But it is doubtful if the China roses were ever quite so much at home in Bengal as the French rosarian Boitard suggests in his Manuel Complete (1836): 'Le féroce tigre du Bengale, le hideux crocodile du Gange, se cachent quelquefois , pour attendre leur proie, dans les touffes épaisses du Rosier Toujours Fleuri.' By the time British forces seized Mauritius from the French in 1810 several sorts of China roses were established in the gardens there, and were probably introduced in the time of Pierre Poivre, who established a famous collection of Far Eastern plants on the island between 1767 and 1773......

Through two lines of descent the Pink China is an ancestor of most modern garden roses. Crossed in South Carolina with R. moschata, it gave rise to 'Champney's Pink Cluster'....from which all the Noisettes and Tea roses descend. The second of its ancestral hybrids also arose outside Europe, on the Ile de Bourbon (Réunion), where sometime early in the 19th century it became hybridised with an Autumn Damask, giving rise to the race of Bourbon roses, from which, through the Hybrid Perpetuals, most modern garden roses descend...... It cannot be certain whether in either case it was 'Parsons' Pink' that was involved, as is usually assumed. A Pink China could have reached America at the same time as R. laevigata, by direct import from the Far East, while Réunion in likely to have had the same garden flora as Mauritius, which certainly did not owe its China roses to import from Britain....

Book  (1975)  
 
p20. B. P. Pal, Ph.D (Cantab), F.R.S., President Emeritus, The Rose Society of India.
Some Notes on Rose Edouard......in Hindi it is known as 'Cheenia', 'Baramasi' ( = perpetual flowering) or 'Desi Gulab' (= indigenous rose).....

p105. Dr. A. S. Thomas. Last year I wrote only of cultivars seen overseas during 1973. One of these was seen frequently on flower stalls outside Hindu temples in India and in an hotel garden at Udaipur. It seemed to be known by all as the 'Mogul Temple Rose of Persia' or the 'Temple Rose'. After considerable research and then correspondence with the great Indian authority on roses, Dr. B. P. Pal, I can now identify this rose as 'Rose Edouard'.

Book  (1974)  Page(s) 61.  
 
Dr. A. S. Thomas. Roses Overseas 1973.
At Udaipur, I saw a very beautiful and obviously old rose which the local people called the 'Mogul Temple Rose of Persia'. The 'Mogul Temple Rose of Persia' is sold outside a great many Hindu temples, especially on Tuesdays and Saturdays (Hindu holy days) as cut flowers or made into garlands.

Book  (1973)  Page(s) 105.  
 
B. P. Pal. Recent Rose Developments in India.
Perhaps more than the people of the West, Indians crave for fragrance in roses. And by fragrance thery mean the rich damask type. For several generations one of the most widely-grown roses in India has been Rose Edouard which is used not only as an understock but as a source of cut flowers for temple offerings, making garlands, rose water and also a conserve called "gulkand" which is believed to have certain medicinal properties. The flowers of 'Rose Edouard' have a lovely strong fragrance which is not to be found in any hybrid tea rose that I know. 'Gruss an Teplitz' was another popular cultivar.

Book  (1972)  Page(s) 192.  
 
...Rose Edouard (also called 'Baramasi' or 'Chenia'), usually regarded as a Bourbon hybrid.

Book  (1971)  Page(s) 65.  
 
Nancy Steen. Bourbon Roses. ....During a trip overseas, we had hoped to see a plant of 'Rose Edouard' somewhere in Europe; but failed to do so. To our great delight, after our return to New Zealand, we were sent bud-wood of this rare rose. The generous donor was the Director-General for Agricultural research for India, who informed us that, not only did 'Rose Edouard' grow extensively in his country, but that its blooms were used in the perfume industry.....

Book  (1967)  Page(s) 15.  Includes photo(s).
 
'Rose Edouard'. by Nancy Steen, Remuera, Auckland
Early in the last century, a strange seedling appeared amongst a batch of young roses being grown as hedging plants on the Isle of Bourbon, in the Mauritius group, The farmer who owned this land, cultivated only two roses for this purpose - the Persian Pink Four Seasons Rose, and Old Blush China; but the baby rose was strikingly different. When it was shown to M. Breon, Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens on this island, he realised at once that it had occurred as a natural hybrid between the Persian and the Chinese roses - the two hedging plants used extensively by the farmers. Eventually the little plant was named 'Rose Edouard'. Seed was sent to France later, and was cultivated by M. Jacques, the Duc d'Orleans, head gardener at the Chateau Neuilly. From this planting came Rosier de I'lle Bourbon Jacques the parent of what was to become a new and lovely race of roses-the Bourbons.
There is no doubt at all that the roses raised in France came from this first seedling, 'Rose Edouard', raised on the Isle of Bourbon; and practically all books on the rose bear this out. However, in spite of this, a certain amount of controversy has arisen, as a few have suggested that India, not Mauritius, was the country of origin of 'Rose Edouard'.
When Dr B. P. Pal, M.Sc., Ph.D. (Cantab.), Director-General of Agriculture for India came to see us, we discussed this point. Dr Pal said that this rose did grow in India and that he would send me a plant on his return home. Later, he searched for information regarding this rose; but could find no reference to it having originated in his country, so it was interesting to read the following extract from Thomas River's, "The Rose Amateur's Guide", written in 1854.
"Many fables have been told by the French regarding the origin of this rose. The most generally received version of one of these is, that a French naval officer was requested by the widow of a Monsieur Edouard, residing in the Island, to find, on his voyage to India, some rare rose; and that, on his return to l'Ile de Bourbon, he brought with him this rose, which she planted on her husband's grave. It was then called 'Rose Edouard' and sent to France as 'Rose de 'lle de Bourbon'. This is pretty enough; but entirely devoid of truth. Monsieur Breon, a French botanist, and now a seedsman in Paris, gives the following account, for the truth of which he vouches - "At the Isle of Bourbon, the inhabitants generally enclose their land with hedges made of two rows of roses, one row of the Common China Rose, the other of the Four Season's Rose. Monsieur Edouard Perichon, a proprietor at Saint Benoist, in the Isle, in planting one of these hedges, found amongst his plants one very different from the others in its shoots and foliage. It flowered the following year; and, as he anticipated, proved to be quite a new rose, differing much from the above two roses, which, at that time, were the only sorts known in the island."
The evidence of a distinguished French botanist and horticulturalist, Loiseleur Deslongchamps, convincingly bears this out in his book, "La Rose", published in 1844. Later, Edward Bunyard said: "The origin of the Bourbon Roses is interesting, as they were probably the first contribution made by the China Roses to modern European Roses, the wedding taking place at the Island of Rennian [sic], then called l'Ile de Bourbon, off the east coast of Africa - a marriage of East and west". :
Bourbon Roses, with their interesting history, their diversity of colour and form, and their great beauty, are firm favourites in our garden and we treasure, as well as enjoy them, particularly the historic 'Rose Edouard'.