I have been looking for an answer to this question for a long time. There is actually a connection between Josephine de Beauharnaise and the Seeon Abbey / Upper Bavaria, where I found this rose
More precisely, this rose was brought to me in 2014 by a farmer who lives in Guggenbichl, less than 2 km from Seeon / Upper Bavaria. This monastery was bought in 1852 by Amelie, a daughter of Prince Eugene de Beauharnaise / 1st Duke of Leuchtenberg and son Josephine de Beauharnais ‘. Since Amelie's only daughter dies early, the monastery falls to Amelie's nephew Nicholas. I was able to trace the origin of the simple centifoil back to around 1927. At that time the rose was in the garden of Bibiane Oberhofer, who had worked as a young girl for the Leuchtenbergs in the Seeon monastery. According to reports from her family, she had received the rose from the Leuchtenbergs and planted it in her own garden. From there this rose wandered through different hands to Guggenbichl.
It will probably not be possible to finally clarify whether this rose comes from Josephine's collection or is a chance seedling. Whether an old garden directory from Seeon can still be found in the Leuchtenbergs archive would be worth a visit.
There are no more old roses on the monastery grounds today. However, there are still numerous R. X damascena Celsiana in many gardens around Seeon. This could indicate that other roses have also found their way into the neighborhood from the monastery.