Book  (19 Apr 2000)  Page(s) 112.  
 
'Defiance', HT, dr, 1914; flowers dark velvety red, dbl., 5-6 in., intense fragrance; foliage dark; vigorous growth; [Gruss an Teplitz X Etoile de France]; Kress

Book  (Apr 1999)  Page(s) 393.  
 
Defiance Hybrid Tea. Kress 1914.

Book  (1947)  Page(s) 55.  
 
Defiance  HT. (Kress, '14) Gruss an Teplitz x Etoile de France.  Large (5-6 in.), dbl., very fragrant, dark velvety red. Fol.
dark.Vig. 

Book  (1936)  Page(s) 198.  
 
Defiance (HT) Kress 1914; Gruss an Teplitz X Et. de France; ?

Book  (1924)  Page(s) 195.  
 
1914 Registrations. 'Defiance', HT. Dingee & Conard Co., West Grove, Pa

Website/Catalog  (1915)  Page(s) 13.  
 
Defiance. A new American garden Rose, the result of crossing Etoile de France with Gruss an Teplitz. Deep, velvety crimson, shaded maroon, resembling the Hybrid Perpetual Abel Carriere. We find it one of the most free-flowering varieties yet sent out, and unusually fragrant. Its habit of growth is somewhat spready and branching, to the detriment of the variety. With a better-growing habit, this would be a wonderful garden Rose. On account of its freedom, deep coloring, and exquisite fragrance, it is worth a place in the garden.